Economics
Law European Commission
Public international law can be formed by international organisations, such as the United Nations , the International Labour Organisation, the World Trade Organisation , or the International Monetary Fund. Public international law has a special status as law because there is no international police force, and courts (e.g. the International Court of Justice as the primary UN judicial organ) lack the capacity to penalise disobedience. The prevailing manner of enforcing international law is still essentially “self help”; that is the reaction by states to alleged breaches of international obligations by other states.
- Coase and others like him wanted a change of approach, to put the burden of proof for positive effects on a government that was intervening in the market, by analysing the costs of action.
- Especially since privatisation became popular and took management of services away from public law, private companies doing the jobs previously controlled